Pokhapokha ngati ndinu blog yosamalira ana nthawi zonse kapena owerenga nkhani, simukudziwa mbiri ya chitukuko cha malo osangalatsa padziko lapansi.
Mwanjira ina, muyenera kuthandizira njira zodzitetezera monga kuchepetsa kapangidwe ka zida, kuyala ma cushion, ndikuchepetsa mwayi wa ana kugwa kuchokera pamalo okwezeka pamalo osangalatsa apano.Komabe, anthu ena amada nkhaŵa kuti malo osungiramo zisangalalo otetezereka ngati ameneŵa apangitsa ana kukhala otopa.
Mikangano yokhudzana ndi chitetezo ndi zotsatira zake zikuwoneka ngati zofunikira kuti zigwirizane ndi nthawi, koma kwenikweni, palibe mikangano yatsopano.Chifukwa chakuti nkhanizi zakhala zikutsutsana kwa zaka zosachepera zana, tiyeni tiwone mbiri ya chitukuko cha malo osangalatsa ndi nkhanizi.
1859: Park Amusement Park ku Manchester, England
Lingaliro lolola ana kukulitsa maluso awo ochezera ndi kuganiza kudzera m'mabwalo amasewera linachokera ku bwalo lamasewera lomwe lili ndi masukulu akusekondale aku Germany.Komabe, kwenikweni, bwalo loyamba lochitirako maseŵeralo kuti anthu azitha kuloŵamo mwaufulu linali m’paki ku Manchester, England mu 1859. M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, bwalo la maseŵerolo linawonedwa kukhala lofunika kwambiri kwa anthu onse ndipo linayamba kumangidwa m’maiko ena padziko lapansi. .
1887: Paki yoyamba yosangalatsa ku United States - Golden Gate Park Amusement Park ku San Francisco.
Panthawiyo, uku kunali kusamuka kwa upainiya ku United States.Malo osungiramo zisangalalo anali ndi maswiti, masilaidi, ngakhale ngolo za mbuzi (zofanana ndi ngolo za ng'ombe; ngolo zokokedwa ndi mbuzi).Chodziwika kwambiri komanso chodziwika bwino chinali chosangalatsa chozungulira, chomwe chinamangidwa ndi "mitengo ya Doric" (chisangalalochi chinalowedwa m'malo ndi chisangalalo chamatabwa mu 1912).Chisangalalocho chinali chotchuka kwambiri moti Chiwonetsero cha Padziko Lonse chomwe chinachitika ku New York mu 1939 chinali chopambana.
1898: Malo Osangalatsa Opulumutsa Miyoyo
John Dewey (wafilosofi wa ku America, mphunzitsi ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo) anati: Kusewera n'kofunika kwambiri kwa ana mofanana ndi ntchito.Mabungwe monga Outdoor Recreation League akuyembekeza kuti ana omwe ali m'madera osauka angathenso kulowa m'bwalo lamasewera.Iwo apereka zithunzithunzi ndi ma saws kumadera osauka, ndipo amatumizanso akatswiri kuti azitsogolera ana mmene angagwiritsire ntchito bwino zipangizo zachisangalalo.Lolani ana osauka kuti azisangalala ndi masewera, ndikuwathandiza kuti akule ndikukula bwino.
1903: Boma linamanga malo osangalatsa
New York City idamanga paki yoyamba yosangalatsa yamatauni - Seward Park Amusement Park, yomwe ili ndi dzenje la mchenga ndi zida zina zosangalatsa.
1907: Malo Osangalatsa Amapita Padziko Lonse (USA)
Polankhula, Purezidenti Theodore Roosevelt adatsindika kufunika kwa mabwalo amasewera a ana:
Misewu ya mumzindawu singakwaniritse zosowa za ana.Chifukwa cha kutseguka kwa misewu, masewera ambiri osangalatsa adzaphwanya malamulo ndi malamulo.Kuwonjezera pamenepo, m’nyengo yotentha komanso madera otanganidwa kwambiri a m’tauni nthawi zambiri amakhala malo amene anthu angaphunzire kuchita zaupandu.Kumbuyo kwa banja kumakhala kokongoletsa kwambiri, komwe kumangokwaniritsa zosowa za ana ang'onoang'ono.Ana okulirapo amafuna kusewera masewera osangalatsa komanso osangalatsa, ndipo masewerawa amafunikira malo enieni - malo osangalatsa.Chifukwa chakuti maseŵera ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa ana mofanana ndi sukulu, mabwalo ochitira maseŵero ayenera kukhala otchuka mofanana ndi masukulu, kotero kuti mwana aliyense akhale ndi mpata woseŵera nawo.
1912: Chiyambi cha vuto lachitetezo pabwalo lamasewera
Mzinda wa New York unali mzinda woyamba kuika patsogolo ntchito yomanga malo ochitirako zosangalatsa komanso kuwongolera kayendetsedwe ka malo ochitirako zosangalatsa.Panthawiyo, ku New York City kunali mapaki pafupifupi 40, makamaka ku Manhattan ndi Brooklyn (Manhattan anali ndi pafupifupi 30).Mapaki osangalatsawa ali ndi zithunzi, ma saw, swings, mabwalo a basketball, ndi zina zambiri, zomwe zimatha kuseweredwa ndi akulu ndi ana.Pa nthawiyo, panalibe buku la malangizo okhudza chitetezo cha malowa.
McDonald's m'zaka za m'ma 1960: paki yosangalatsa yamalonda
M'zaka za m'ma 1960, malo osewerera ana adakhala ntchito yotchuka kwambiri yogulitsa ndalama.Malo ochitira masewerawa sangangopanga ndalama zokha, komanso kuyendetsa mafakitale ozungulira.Anthu ambiri amaimbanso mlandu McDonald's chifukwa yatsegula malo ambiri odyera m'malesitilanti ake (pafupifupi 8000 kuyambira chaka cha 2012), zomwe zingapangitse ana kukhala osokoneza bongo.
1965: Kutha kwa bwalo lamasewera lamasomphenya
Paki ina yosangalatsa yokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera idagundidwa - New York City idakana malo osangalatsa a Adele Levy Memorial Amusement Park opangidwa ndi Isamu Noguchi ndi a Louis Kahn.
Adele Levy Memorial Amusement Park ku Riverside Park, New York City, ndiyenso ntchito yomaliza pabwalo lamasewera lopangidwa ndi Noguchi, lomwe linamalizidwa pamodzi ndi Louis Kahn.Maonekedwe ake adzutsa anthu kuti aganizirenso mawonekedwe a bwalo lamasewera.Mapangidwe ake ndi oyenera kwa ana a mibadwo yonse, ndipo ali ndi mlengalenga wojambula: wokongola komanso womasuka, koma mwatsoka sichinazindikiridwe.
1980: 1980s: milandu ya boma ndi chitsogozo cha boma
M’zaka za m’ma 1980, chifukwa chakuti makolo ndi ana nthaŵi zambiri ankachita ngozi m’bwalo lamasewera, milandu inapitirizabe.Kuti tithane ndi vuto lomwe likukulirakulirali, kupanga mafakitale kuyenera kutsatira Buku Lotetezedwa la Public Amusement Park Safety Manual (buku loyamba lomwe linatulutsidwa mu 1981) lopangidwa ndi Consumer Commodity Safety Protection Commission.Gawo la "Introduction" la bukhuli limati:
"Kodi malo ochitira masewerawa ndi otetezeka? Chaka chilichonse ana opitilira 200000 amalowa mu ward ya ICU chifukwa cha ngozi zomwe zimachitika m'bwalo lamasewera. Ambiri amayamba chifukwa chogwa kuchokera pamalo okwera. Kugwiritsa ntchito bukuli kungakuthandizeni kuwona ngati kapangidwe ka bwalo ndi zida zamasewera zili ndi zoopsa zomwe zingachitike"
Bukuli lili mwatsatanetsatane, monga kusankha malo a paki yosangalatsa, zipangizo, zomangamanga, specifications, etc. zipangizo ntchito paki zosangalatsa.Ili ndi buku loyamba lofunikira kwambiri lothandizira kupanga mapaki osangalatsa.
Mu 2000, anayi amati: California, Michigan, New Jersey ndi Texas adapereka lamulo la "Amusement Park Design", lomwe cholinga chake ndi kuwonetsetsa kuti malo osangalatsa amakhala otetezeka.
2005: "Palibe Kuthamanga" Park Yosangalatsa
Masukulu ku Broward County, Florida, adayika zikwangwani za "No Running" m'malo osangalatsa, zomwe zapangitsa kuti anthu aziganizira ngati malo osangalatsawo "ndi otetezeka kwambiri".
2011: "Flash Playground"
Ku New York, paki yosangalatsa imabwereranso kumalo oyambirira.Poyamba, ana ankasewera m’misewu.Boma la New York City lawona mawonekedwe ofanana ndi "flash shopu" yotchuka ndipo idatsegula "bwalo lamasewera" m'madera omwe alibe chitetezo: ngati kuli koyenera, tsekani gawo lina la msewu monga malo ochitirako zosangalatsa, gwiritsani ntchito masewera ena, ndi kukonza zina. ophunzitsa kapena othamanga kuti agwirizane ndi anthu.
New York anali wokhutitsidwa kwambiri ndi zotsatira za muyeso uwu, kotero iwo anatsegula 12 "masewera othamanga" m'chilimwe cha 2011, ndipo adalemba akatswiri ena kuti aphunzitse nzika kuchita yoga, rugby, ndi zina zotero.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-22-2022